"dénigrer" meaning in All languages combined

See dénigrer on Wiktionary

Verb [French]

IPA: /de.ni.ɡʁe/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-dénigrer.wav [France, Lyon], LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-dénigrer.wav [France] (note: Somain)
Rhymes: -e Etymology: Borrowed from Latin dēnigrāre (“to blacken”). Etymology templates: {{ety|fr|:bor|la:dēnigrō<id:to blacken><alt:dēnigrāre><t:to blacken>|id=to denigrate}} [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "dēnigrāre", "id" : "to blacken", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "from", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "of", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*de", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-h₁", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*déh₁", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*dē", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "dē", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "dē-", "gloss" : "of; from", "lang" : "la" }, { "gloss" : "to be black; to make black, to darken", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "black", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "bare, naked", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*negʷ-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "uder" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "niger", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }, { "id" : "denominative", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "suf", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-ājō", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "suf", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "collective nouns", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "collective nouns", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-h₂", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-éh₂", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "intransitive verbs", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yéti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-eh₂yéti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "keyword_abbrev" : "influ.", "keyword_label" : "Influenced by", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-h₂ti", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "influence" } ], "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-āō", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ō", "lang" : "la", "pos" : "verb-forming suffix" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "nigrō", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "dēnigrō", "gloss" : "to blacken", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "dénigrer", "lang" : "fr" }" data-id="to denigrate" data-lang="fr" data-title="dénigrer" id="French:_to_denigrate">, {{bor+|fr|la|dēnigrō<id:to blacken><alt:dēnigrāre><t:to blacken>}} Borrowed from Latin dēnigrāre (“to blacken”) Head templates: {{fr-verb}} dénigrer Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], dénigrer [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], dénigrant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], dénigré [participle, past], dénigre [first-person, indicative, present, singular], dénigres [indicative, present, second-person, singular], dénigre [indicative, present, singular, third-person], dénigrons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], dénigrez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], dénigrent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], dénigrais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], dénigrais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], dénigrait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], dénigrions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], dénigriez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], dénigraient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], dénigrai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], dénigras [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], dénigra [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], dénigrâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], dénigrâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], dénigrèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], dénigrerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], dénigreras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], dénigrera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], dénigrerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], dénigrerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], dénigreront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], dénigrerais [conditional, first-person, singular], dénigrerais [conditional, second-person, singular], dénigrerait [conditional, singular, third-person], dénigrerions [conditional, first-person, plural], dénigreriez [conditional, plural, second-person], dénigreraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], dénigre [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], dénigres [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], dénigre [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], dénigrions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], dénigriez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], dénigrent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], dénigrasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], dénigrasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], dénigrât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], dénigrassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], dénigrassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], dénigrassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], dénigre [imperative, second-person, singular], dénigrons [first-person, imperative, plural], dénigrez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to denigrate (to criticize so as to besmirch) Derived forms: dénigrement, dénigreur Related terms: noircir
    Sense id: en-dénigrer-fr-verb-fr:to_defame Categories (other): French entries with etymon, French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymon

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Mauritian Creole",
      "lang_code": "mfe",
      "word": "denigre"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "black",
      "black"
    ],
    [
      "dēnigrāre",
      "denigro#Latin:_to_blacken"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "la:dēnigrō<id:to blacken><alt:dēnigrāre><t:to blacken>",
        "id": "to denigrate"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"dēnigrāre\", \"id\" : \"to blacken\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"from\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"of\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*de\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₁\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*déh₁\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dē\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dē\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dē-\", \"gloss\" : \"of; from\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to be black; to make black, to darken\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"black\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"bare, naked\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*negʷ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"niger\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"verb-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"nigrō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dēnigrō\", \"gloss\" : \"to blacken\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"dénigrer\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-id=\"to denigrate\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"dénigrer\" id=\"French:_to_denigrate\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dēnigrō<id:to blacken><alt:dēnigrāre><t:to blacken>"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Latin dēnigrāre (“to blacken”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dēnigrāre (“to blacken”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrant",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigré",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigre",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigres",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigre",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrons",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrent",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrais",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrais",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrait",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrions",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigriez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigraient",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrai",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigras",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigra",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrâmes",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrâtes",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrèrent",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerai",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigreras",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrera",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerons",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigreront",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerais",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerais",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerait",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerions",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigreriez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigreraient",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigre",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigres",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigre",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrions",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigriez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrent",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrasse",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrasses",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrât",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrassions",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrassiez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrassent",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigre",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrons",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "dénigrer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "dé",
        "ni",
        "grer"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "dénigrement"
        },
        {
          "word": "dénigreur"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:dénigrer."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to denigrate (to criticize so as to besmirch)"
      ],
      "id": "en-dénigrer-fr-verb-fr:to_defame",
      "links": [
        [
          "denigrate",
          "denigrate"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "noircir"
        }
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "fr:to defame"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-dénigrer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Lyon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-dénigrer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Somain",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigrai"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigré"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigrée"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigrées"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigrés"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigrez"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-e"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dénigrer"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "dénigrement"
    },
    {
      "word": "dénigreur"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Mauritian Creole",
      "lang_code": "mfe",
      "word": "denigre"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "black",
      "black"
    ],
    [
      "dēnigrāre",
      "denigro#Latin:_to_blacken"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "la:dēnigrō<id:to blacken><alt:dēnigrāre><t:to blacken>",
        "id": "to denigrate"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"dēnigrāre\", \"id\" : \"to blacken\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"from\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"of\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*de\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₁\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*déh₁\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dē\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dē\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dē-\", \"gloss\" : \"of; from\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to be black; to make black, to darken\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"black\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"bare, naked\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*negʷ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"niger\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"verb-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"nigrō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dēnigrō\", \"gloss\" : \"to blacken\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"dénigrer\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-id=\"to denigrate\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"dénigrer\" id=\"French:_to_denigrate\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dēnigrō<id:to blacken><alt:dēnigrāre><t:to blacken>"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Latin dēnigrāre (“to blacken”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dēnigrāre (“to blacken”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrant",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigré",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigre",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigres",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigre",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrons",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrent",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrais",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrais",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrait",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrions",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigriez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigraient",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrai",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigras",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigra",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrâmes",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrâtes",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrèrent",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerai",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigreras",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrera",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerons",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigreront",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerais",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerais",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerait",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrerions",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigreriez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigreraient",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigre",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigres",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigre",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrions",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigriez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrent",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrasse",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrasses",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrât",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrassions",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrassiez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrassent",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigre",
      "ipa": "/de.niɡʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrons",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dénigrez",
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "dénigrer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "dé",
        "ni",
        "grer"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "noircir"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 3-syllable words",
        "French entries with etymon",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French first group verbs",
        "French lemmas",
        "French terms borrowed from Latin",
        "French terms derived from Latin",
        "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
        "French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *negʷ-",
        "French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *de",
        "French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *déh₁",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "French terms with homophones",
        "French verbs",
        "French verbs with conjugation -er",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymon",
        "Rhymes:French/e",
        "Rhymes:French/e/3 syllables"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:dénigrer."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to denigrate (to criticize so as to besmirch)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "denigrate",
          "denigrate"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "fr:to defame"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/de.ni.ɡʁe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-dénigrer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Lyon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-dénigrer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Somain",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-d%C3%A9nigrer.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigrai"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigré"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigrée"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigrées"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigrés"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "dénigrez"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-e"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dénigrer"
}

Download raw JSONL data for dénigrer meaning in All languages combined (15.5kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.